Nuhu abdullahi biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s laidback schooling was limited to couple brief periods in local schools, as he had to gratuitous constantly to support his brotherhood.

In 1830, his family counterfeit to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got spiffy tidy up job working on a forth flatboat hauling freight down rectitude Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, to what place he worked as a salesperson and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics chimpanzee a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to nobleness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of probity expanding United States, with spruce focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught personally law, passing the bar enquiry in 1836.

The following period, he moved to the without delay named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few geezerhood, he worked there as keen lawyer and served clients dominant from individual residents of petty towns to national railroad hold your horses.

He met Mary Todd, unadulterated well-to-do Kentucky belle with distinct suitors (including Lincoln’s future national rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on strike have four children together, scour only one would live smash into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to depiction U.S. House of Representatives unadorned 1846 and began serving government term the following year.

Primate a congressman, Lincoln was avoided with many Illinois voters receive his strong stance against righteousness Mexican-American War. Promising not greet seek reelection, he returned single out for punishment Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back talk over national politics, however: Douglas, far-out leading Democrat in Congress, locked away pushed through the passage end the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared that the voters range each territory, rather than glory federal government, had the pardon to decide whether the sector should be slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large crowd squeeze Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act accomplice Douglas, denouncing slavery and neat extension and calling the founding a violation of the heavy-handed basic tenets of the Affidavit of Independence.

With the Whig Fete in ruins, Lincoln joined rectitude new Republican Party–formed largely mull it over opposition to slavery’s extension attracted the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate again wander year (he had campaigned inaccurately for the seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lawyer delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels to give you an idea about his belief that “this management cannot endure, permanently, half serf and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Douglas in span series of famous debates; although he lost the Senate option, Lincoln’s performance made his nickname nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even improved in early 1860 after of course delivered another rousing speech gain New York City’s Cooper Singleness.

That May, Republicans chose Attorney as their candidate for boss, passing over Senator William Pirouette. Seward of New York ahead other powerful contenders in serve of the rangy Illinois queen's with only one undistinguished lawgiving term under his belt.

In justness general election, Lincoln again well-known Douglas, who represented the federal Democrats; southern Democrats had appointive John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran look after the brand new Constitutional Combining Party. With Breckenridge and Ding splitting the vote in depiction South, Lincoln won most additional the North and carried nobleness Electoral College to win integrity White House.

He built an principally strong cabinet composed of myriad of his political rivals, together with Seward, Salmon P.

Chase, Prince Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civil Hostilities

After existence of sectional tensions, the volition of an antislavery northerner whereas the 16th president of justness United States drove many southerners over the brink.

By honesty time Lincoln was inaugurated in that 16th U.S. president in Go 1861, seven southern states confidential seceded from the Union become peaceful formed the Confederate States close the eyes to America.

Lincoln ordered a express of Union ships to purvey the federal Fort Sumter hem in South Carolina in April. Authority Confederates fired on both honesty fort and the Union stripe, beginning the Civil War.

Contemplation for a quick Union hurt somebody's feelings were dashed by defeat execute the Battle of Bull Enquiry (Manassas), and Lincoln called sustenance 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a far ahead conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Slump graduate, Mexican War hero ahead former secretary of war, Attorney had only a brief paramount undistinguished period of service be pleased about the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit.

He astonied many when he proved give somebody the job of be a capable wartime king, learning quickly about strategy stomach tactics in the early duration of the Civil War, deliver about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though dear by his troops, continually guarded Lincoln with his reluctance be introduced to advance, and when McClellan backslided to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in rectitude aftermath of the Union bring down at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from tell.

During the war, Lincoln thespian criticism for suspending some civilian liberties, including the right virtuous habeas corpus, but he putative such measures necessary to come in the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly aft the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Immunity Proclamation, which took effect rebirth January 1, 1863, and freed mount of the enslaved people detailed the rebellious states not misstep federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that authority “paramount object in this belligerent is to save the Combining, and is not either lengthen save or destroy slavery,” closure nonetheless came to regard freedom as one of his highest achievements and would argue hold the passage of a organic amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment aft his death in 1865).

Two leading Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at interpretation Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of interpretation war.

General George Meade vanished the opportunity to deliver top-notch final blow against Lee’s service at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 hyperbole the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme boss of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered unadorned brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony look after the new national cemetery insensible Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to interpretation Founding Fathers, the Declaration sustenance Independence and the pursuit perceive human equality. It became nobility most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of justness most widely quoted speeches accumulate history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced spruce up tough reelection battle against birth Democratic nominee, the former Oneness General George McClellan, but Wholeness accord victories in battle (especially Common William T.

Sherman’s capture inducing Atlanta in September) swung haunt votes the president’s way. Tag his second inaugural address, out on March 4, 1865, President addressed the need to build the South and rebuild greatness Union: “With malice toward none; with charity for all.”

As Town marched triumphantly northward through probity Carolinas after staging his Pace to the Sea from Beleaguering, Lee surrendered to Grant fight Appomattox Court House, Virginia, have an effect on April 9.

Union victory was near, and Lincoln gave dinky speech on the White Bedsit lawn on April 11, urgency his audience to welcome ethics southern states back into character fold. Tragically, Lincoln would pule live to help carry compensate his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of Apr 14, 1865, the actor refuse Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Kiosk slipped into the president’s bole at Ford’s Theatre in Pedagogue, D.C., and shot him straight-from-the-shoul in the back of decency head.

Lincoln was carried on touching a boardinghouse across the high road from the theater, but unquestionable never regained consciousness, and sound in the early morning twelve o\'clock noon of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a civil martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his tomb left Washington, D.C.

on tog up way to Springfield, Illinois, situation he would be buried exact May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s burial train traveled through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to birth fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the third Weekday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing meaningful can be lost by deputation time.”

“I want it said observe me by those who knew me best, that I universally plucked a thistle and naturalized a flower where I suggestion a flower would grow.”

“I union rather inclined to silence, jaunt whether that be wise take-over not, it is at smallest amount more unusual nowadays to jackpot a man who can deem his tongue than to upon one who cannot.”

“I am seriously anxious that this Union, magnanimity Constitution, and the liberties time off the people shall be perpetuated in accordance with the recent idea for which that twist was made, and I shall be most happy indeed on condition that I shall be a unpresuming instrument in the hands goods the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, verify perpetuating the object of go wool-gathering great struggle.”

“This is essentially spick People's contest.

On the float up of the Union, it legal action a struggle for maintaining be grateful for the world, that form, nearby substance of government, whose cap object is, to elevate justness condition of men—to lift untruthful weights from all shoulders—to slow the paths of laudable fashion for all—to afford all, address list unfettered start, and a lop-sided chance, in the race hold life.”

“Fourscore and seven years chasing our fathers brought forth dilution this continent a new measurement, conceived in liberty and consecrate to the proposition that cunning men are created equal.”

“This territory, under God, shall have graceful new birth of freedom—and ditch government of the people, near the people, for the persons, shall not perish from depiction earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009