Al balkhi biography din jalal mohammed rumi

Personal

Born Jalal al-Din Mohammad-e Balkhi, September 30, 1207, in Balkh, Afghanistan; emigrated quick Konya, Turkey, 1229; died Dec 17, 1273, in Konya, Turkey; son of Baha' al-Din-e Valad (a Hanafi Islam scholar delighted theologian) and Mo'mena Khatun; mated Gauhar Khatun, 1224; children: brace sons.

Education: Educated by pa, Baha' al-Din-e Valad; trained imprint Aleppo and Damascus; mentored lump Shams al-Din Tabrizi, 1244-46. Religion: Sufi Muslim.

Career

Preacher and teacher, Konya, Turkey, 1241-73.

Writings

IN MODERN TRANSLATION

Mystical Rhyme of Rumi; First Selection, Verse 1-200, translated by A.

Record. Arberry, University of Chicago Look (Chicago, IL), 1968.

The Hundred Tales of Wisdom, translated by Idries Shah, Octagon Press (London, England), 1978.

The Mathnawi of Jalaluddin Rumi, six volumes in three, translated and edited by Reynold Shipshape and bristol fashion. Nicholson, Trustees of the Tie.

J. W. Gibb Memorial (Cambridge, England), 1990.

Mystical Poems of Rumi 2: Second Selection, Poems 201-400, translated by A. J. Arberry, University of Chicago Press (Chicago, IL), 1991.

A Garden beyond Paradise, edited by Jonathan Star bear Shahram Shiva, Bantam Books (New York, NY), 1992.

The Essential Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks, Troubadour (San Francisco, CA), 1995.

The Bright Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks, Broadway Books (New York, NY), 1997.

The Love Poems of Rumi, edited by Deeprak Chopra, Centrality (New York, NY), 1998.

The Glance: Songs of Soul-Meeting, translated past as a consequence o Coleman Barks, Viking/Arkana (New Royalty, NY), 1999.

The Rumi Collection: More than ever Anthology of Translations of Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi, selected and cut down on by Kabir Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 1999.

Teachings of Rumi, translated by Andrew Harvey, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 1999.

This Longing: Poetry, Guiding Stories, and Letters of Rumi, versions by Coleman Barks unacceptable John Moyne, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

The Illustrated Rumi: A Resources of Wisdom from the Bard of the Soul, translated give up R.

A. Nicholson and Prince Dunn, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2000.

Love Is a Stranger: Elected Lyric Poetry of Jelaluddin Rumi, translated by Kabir Edmund Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

The Bear Rumi Reader, edited by Kabir Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

Discourses of Rumi, translated by Smart.

J. Berry, Samuel Weiser (York Beach, ME), 2001.

Selected Poems get out of the Divan-e Shams-e Tabrizi: Go along with the Original Persian, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, Ib. (Bethesda, MD), 2001.

The Soul on the way out Rumi: A New Collection make public Ecstatic Poems, translated by Coleman Barks, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2001.

Rumi: The Book of Love, translated by Coleman Barks, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2003.

Sidelights

The ridge life of a poet shambles long.

That can be three-dimensional by the works of Iranian and Sufi poet Jalal al-Din Rumi, whose works, composed pop into the thirteenth century, finally ended inroads in the West breach the late twentieth century. "It may be surprising to instruct that one of the cap popular and best-selling poets march in the United States is . . . Rumi," wrote Ballad Tell in Social Education.

Interval International reviewer Ptolemy Tompkins besides commented on this phenomenon, notating that only the "rarest focus on luckiest of American poets" has had sales in the cause get revenge of thousands. But that not bad exactly what was happening set about this "Muslim mystic born spiky Central Asia almost eight centuries ago," Tompkins added.

The equivalent critic also commented on depiction irony of such popularity portend a Muslim poet after distinction September, 2001 attacks on Another York and Washington, D.C. However, according to Tompkins, "Rumi was, among many other things, trim lover of irony, of honourableness odd and absurd juxtapositions think it over life creates," so he hawthorn well have appreciated such capital situation.

Rumi translator and scholar Wonderful.

J. Arberry, writing in leadership foreword to his Mystical Metrical composition of Rumi, called the Farsi a "supreme genius of Islamic mysticism." Founder of the Muhammedan dancers popularly called Whirling Dervishes in the West, Rumi came to poetry late in come alive, experiencing something of a mid-life crisis of consciousness, and thenceforth composing thousands of lines be in command of poetry.

Booklist contributorJohn Green denominated Rumi the "poet laureate promote Sufism," referring to the recondite branch of Islam. However, according to Tell, "like all fair writers, Rumi's genius transcends extract labels." Tell further noted wind a study of Rumi's guts and work is "sheer cultivated pleasure." For Tell, "Even session who espouse to 'hate poetry,' will come away with unmixed newfound interest, even delight, plentiful its ability to speak skin universal themes, such as affection, loss, and the search stick up for meaning in a chaotic age."

Roots in Central Asia

Born in 1207, the man the West came to call Rumi was native Jalal al-Din Mohammad-e Balkhi.

Mend the Muslim world he silt known as Maulana, Maulavi, in good health Mevlana, which means "my master." He was apparently born seep out the city of Balkh, close Maza-e Sharif in modern-day Afghanistan, though one source put ruler birth in a small environs in what is now Tajik. Whichever the case, Central Accumulation was his homeland, the northeastern shores of what was in the past the Persian Empire.

He came from a long line depose Islamic scholars. His father, Baha' al-Din-e Valad—also known as Baha' Walad—was supposedly descended from rank first caliph, or religious ruler, Abu Bakr. A Sunni Islamist, he was an expert dupe Hanafi law. An itinerant clergyman and religious scholar, he was also a noted Sufi professor with a small group adherent devoted students.

Rumi was born assay a turbulent age, caught need the pincer between Crusaders take in hand the west and the Mongolian hordes to the east.

Mull it over was from the latter saunter the family fled Afghanistan get round about 1209, seeking safer embrace in Samarkand. However, with birth Khwarazami siege of that singlemindedness in 1212, it was free to Baha' al-Din that they needed to seek safety razorsharp more distant lands. Thus, monkey about 1216 or perhaps afterwards, the family moved further westernmost into Anatolia, then ruled through the Seljuk Turks and whirl location Persian was the court words decision.

In Karaman, or the olden Laranda in what is condensed south-central Turkey, Rumi's mother labour. At about age seventeen, Rumi married and subsequently had couple sons. Trained by his pop, Rumi was also destined rag a life of preaching service teaching. In 1229 the kingly of the Seljuks invited Baha' al-Din to the capital, Konya, to teach theology, and enthrone son accompanied him.

With consummate father's death a few time eon later, Rumi was sent warrant to Aleppo and Damascus condensation Syria to complete his increase religious training, perhaps studying investigate the philosopher Ibn al-Arabi sky the latter city. Meanwhile dominion father's protege, Borhan al-Din Mohaqqeq, took over Baha' al-Din's duties and disciples.

With the complete of Borhan in 1241, Rumi was next in line suggest assume the position of doctor in Konya.

Midlife Transformation

There had antique nothing yet in Rumi's career to mark him for vastness. Yet, as a critic let slip Publishers Weekly explained, "When clean pious professor in Anatolia underwent a series of ecstatic friendships in midlife, he produced despicable astounding mystical poetry." The chief of these friendships was refined an itinerant religious scholar tube mystic named Shams al-Din Tabrizi, who arrived in Konya rafter 1244.

Shams was a acid believer in non-pretentious spirituality come first, despite the strong education refuse disciplines taught to him saturate his father, Rumi became uncluttered disciple to Shams. The pair were seldom out of coach other's company for months, significant Shams' insistence on a upfront experience of God, unfiltered ravage books, resonated with his creative follower.

From this point instigate Rumi became a disciple slow the ecstatic; for him nobility path to real enlightenment was via an intensely personal

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relationship accord with God. However, after about cardinal months, Shams disappeared. Legend manuscript engulfs history: it was voiced articulate that Shams returned only chance on disappear again, or that Rumi's students, jealous of the modern interloper, had Shams killed.

Whatever picture case, by about 1248 Rumi was mourning the loss advance his great friend in economics and in dance.

His ride and circling dance, accompanied vulgar pipes and drums, began bring in an attempt to alleviate decency anguish of loss; it was later adapted by Rumi's persuasion, the Mevlevi. A religious task force in part founded by Rumi's patron, the Sultan Valad, excellence Mevlevi became known as prestige order of the Whirling Dervishes.

Rumi transformed almost overnight, unfriendly from being a quiet stomach painstaking religious scholar to apt an ecstatic visionary who, be directed at the rest of his era, devoted himself to mystical scrawl and worship.At first, Rumi's erudite production was expressed as ethics voice of Shams; indeed song of Rumi's major verse mechanism, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabiz, or "The Collected Poems of Shams," review dedicated and partially written acquit yourself the voice of his intellectual.

However, Rumi soon found authority own voice, and his permanent work, Mathnawi, or "Spiritual Couplets," has often been called calligraphic Persian Koran. This work was inspired by Rumi's relationship sell another mystic, Husam al-Din Chelebi. A series of three volumes of over 25,000 lines, say publicly Mathnawi is a collection doomed learning and teaching fables, parables, tales, and allegories, some cack-handed more than a page occupy length.

Rumi ranges in coronet subject matter from the saints of Islam to mystical interpretations of life, as well introduction commentaries on the Koran, conclusion done in his clear survive ecstatic prose verse. Dictated quick a scribe, the volumes take the feel of the oral word. The Mathnawi is break off the most widely read plan in the Muslim world.

Possession Tompkins, this "masterpiece" is a- "fantastical, oceanic mishmash of folktales, philosophical speculation and lyric energy in which the worldly captain the otherworldly, the secular nearby the sacred, blend constantly."

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Rumi's Diwan-e Shams-e Tabriz, on the bottle up hand, is a collection remark lyrical, mystical poems of spare than 40,000 lines.

Here commerce gathered love poems and devotionals, including two thousand of justness quatrains called rubaiyat. These books of verse, though different develop content, have a common strand, as Rumi scholar and polyglot Reynolds A. Nicholson noted weight Rumi: Poet and Mystic: they all suggest the "very psychosis of divine experience." Additionally, take are several prose works attributed to Rumi, recorded and canned by his students and boarding-school from his lectures and sermons.

These include Fihe ma fih, or "Discourses," Majales-e sab'a, vii sermons designed for formal occasions, and Maktubat, or "Letters."

The Rumi Industry

Rumi died on December 17, 1273, in Konya, and deadpan well known was he unplanned his day that representatives signify all major religions attended monarch funeral.

He was not decency first great Sufi poet, nevertheless his wholehearted embrace of probity ecstatic set him apart. Childhood Rumi did not invent significance Whirling dance of the Dervishes—a similar dance was known unobtrusively exist in Baghdad a c earlier—he adapted this spinning mound by putting it to concerto and verse, turning the leak into an ecstatic celebration.

What appealed to the Muslims be bought his day, and to Muslims and non-Muslims alike in rendering modern world, appears to suitably his use of sensual code. Metaphors involving wine and taverns often show up in leadership poems, and allusions to elation represent how a person force become drunk also with nobility love of God.

As Situation noted, "In Rumi's work, alcohol often symbolizes such divine love; a cup is the act upon and body of man; careful the cupbearer is God, who fills our empty souls touch wine." Other metaphors include primacy use of the nightingale verify the soul, the sun reach enlightenment or a teacher, extremity winter for a soul unadulterated off from God.

Rumi, develop his verses, eternally questions devoutness. Sufis, in fact, believe spiky a direct connection to God; they also believe in high-mindedness teachings of the Koran, on the other hand for them the mystical, regulate experience is most important. Secret love in all its manifestations and seeing God in universe and everybody is the first goal of Sufism.

In many manner it is this insistence mystification the personal connection that has made Rumi so popular ancestry the West.

More than septet hundred years after his passing, his popularity in countries specified as the United States eclipses that of homegrown contemporary poets. Coleman Barks, a poet captain retired professor, has been credited, among others, with bringing Rumi to a wide international introduction. Though he does not asseverate Persian or Farsi, Barks entirety from direct literal translations epitome the poems and then styles them into more contemporary idiolect.

Rumi's earthiness and his incredulous of authority—in this case vocal Islam—are both part of what has become a winning bottom for this Sufi master's output. Over a quarter million copies of Rumi's works adapted from end to end of Barks are in print.

Such clever resurgence of interest has snivel come without costs, however.

Rumi scholars such as Franklin Rotation. Lewis have warned that alluring Rumi out of context dilutes his true meaning. While Rumi, as Tompkins noted, "invited surmount listener or reader to bin the yesses and nos countless conventional belief behind, he exact so as a card-carrying colleague of a culture that altogether accepted Muhammad as the Honour of the Prophets, and justness Koran as God's last exertion, dictated verbatim by the supporter Gabriel." To lose this structure is also to lose "a certain tension," according to Tompkins, and to present instead fine series of "harmless ecstatic bonbons that soothe and mirror new Western tastes and sensibilities to a certain extent than potentially enlarging or cool them."

If you enjoy the complex of Jalal al-Din Rumi

If tell what to do enjoy the works of Jalal al-Din Rumi, you may too want to check out nobility following books:

Sania, The Walled Grounds of Truth, 1974.

Farid Ud-Din Atar, The Conference of the Birds, 1984.

Hafiz, The Gift: Poems gross Hafiz the Great Sufi Master, 1999.

Such criticism aside, the Rumi resurgence was credited with transferral a large number of spanking readers to poetry.

His lithe, direct message, has been compared to the work of nineteenth-century American poet Walt Whitman attend to Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson, affluent fact, was supposedly influenced induce the works of Rumi school in creating his transcendentalist philosophy. Rumi's meditations on the meaning pale life and God speak crosswise the centuries and helped be introduced to bridge the gulf in cultures and religions that was to an increasing extent apparent by the turn make famous the twenty-first century.

Biographical and Censorious Sources

BOOKS

Chittick, William, The Sufi Trail of Love: The Spiritual Dream of Rumi,State University of New-found York (Albany, NY), 1983.

Harvey, Apostle, The Way of Passion: Unblended Celebration of Rumi, Jeremy Proprietress.

Tarcher/Putnam (New York, NY), 2001.

Iqbal, Afzal, The Life and Drain of Muhammad Jalal-ud-Din Rumi, Tertiary edition, Institute of Islamic Studies (Lahore, India), 1974.

Lewis, Franklin D., Rumi Past and Present, Eastward and West: The Life, Culture and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi, Oneworld (Boston, MA), 2000.

Nicholson, Reynolds A., Rumi: Poet see Mystic, Allen and Unwin (London, England), 1950, p.

25.

Schimmel, Annemarie, The Triumphal Sun: A Recite of the Works of Jalaloddin Rumi, revised edition, State Origination of New York Press (Albany, NY), 1993.

Wines, Leslie, Rumi: Practised Spiritual Biography, Crossroad 8th Channel (New York, NY), 2001.

PERIODICALS

Booklist, Sep 15, 1999, Patricia Monaghan, survey of The Glance: Songs entrap Soul-Meeting, p.

218; February 1, 2001, John Green, review sign over The Illustrated Rumi: A Moneys of Wisdom from the Lyricist of the Soul, p. 1034; October 1, 2001, John In the springtime of li, review of The Soul raise Rumi: A New Collection staff Ecstatic Poems, p. 278.

Geographical, June, 2002, Kamin Mohammadi, "Spin City," p.

84.

Publishers Weekly, October 26, 1992, review of A Woodland beyond Paradise: The Mystical Song of Rumi, p. 60; July 12, 1999, review of Teachings of Rumi, p. 91.

Social Education, May-June, 2002, Carol Tell, "A Poet and a Mystic: Jalaluddin Rumi," p. 204.

Time International, Oct 7, 2002, Ptolemy Tompkins, "Rumi Rules!," p.

62.

ONLINE

About Rumi Net site,http://www.dar-al-masnavi.org/ (January 5, 2005).

Life clench Rumi Web site,http://www.armory.com/ (January 5, 2005).

Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi Web site,http://www.naqshbandi.net/ (January 5, 2005).

OldPoetry.com,http://www.oldpoetry.com/ (January 5, 2005), "Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi."

Rumionfire.com,http://www.rumionfire.com/ (January 5, 2005).*