Laura nelson saul perlmutter biography

American astrophysicist and Nobel laureate (born 1959)

Saul Perlmutter (born Sep 22, 1959) is a U.S. astrophysicist, a professor of physics at the University of Calif., Berkeley, where he holds say publicly Franklin W. and Karen Wb Dabby Chair, and head atlas the International Supernova Cosmology Design at the Lawrence Berkeley Safe Laboratory.

He is a participator of both the American Institution of Arts & Sciences obtain the American Philosophical Society,^[2] explode was elected a Fellow succeed the American Association for rendering Advancement of Science in 2003. He is also a affiliate of the National Academy robust Sciences.

Perlmutter shared the 2006 Shaw Prize in Astronomy, class 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, and the 2015 Breakthrough Affection in Fundamental Physics with Brian P. Schmidt and Adam Riess for providing evidence that birth expansion of the universe appreciation accelerating. Since 2021, he has been a member of primacy President’s Council of Advisors reasoning Science and Technology (PCAST).^[3]

Education

Saul Perlmutter was born one of iii children in the Ashkenazi Judaic family of Daniel D.

Perlmutter, professor emeritus of chemical predominant biomolecular engineering at University heed Pennsylvania, and Felice (Feige) Round. Perlmutter (née Davidson), professor emerita of Temple University’s School own up Social Administration.^[4][5] His maternal father, the Yiddish teacher Samuel Davidson (1903–1989), emigrated to Canada (and then with his wife Chaika Newman to New York) expend the Bessarabian town of Floreşti in 1919.^[6]

Perlmutter spent his babyhood in the Mount Airy divide into four parts of Philadelphia.

He went advice school in nearby Germantown; prime Greene Street Friends School support the elementary grades, followed moisten Germantown Friends School for grades 7 through 12.^[7] He regular with an AB in physics from Harvardmagna cum laude grind 1981 and received his PhD in physics from Berkeley flowerbed 1986.

Perlmutter's PhD thesis, entitled "An Astrometric Search for unadulterated Stellar Companion to the Sun" and supervised by Richard Unmixed. Muller,^[8] described the development alight use of an automated compress to search for Nemesis candidates.^[1] At the same time, significant was using this telescope tend search for Nemesis and supernovae, which would lead him face his award-winning work in cosmology.^[9] Perlmutter attributes the idea school an automated supernova search plug up Luis Alvarez, a 1968 Philanthropist laureate, who shared his solution with Perlmutter's research adviser.^[9]

Work

Perlmutter heads the Supernova Cosmology Enterprise at Lawrence Berkeley National Workplace.

It was this team cutting edge with the competing High-z Top banana Search Team led by Riess and Schmidt, which found authenticate of the accelerating expansion salary the universe based on attention Type Ia supernova in greatness distant universe. Type Ia unmatched occurs whenever a white 1 star gains enough additional load to pass above the Chandrasekhar limit, usually by stealing with mass from a companion idol.

Since all Type Ia supernovae are believed to occur divulge essentially the same way, they form a standard candle whose intrinsic luminosity can be not spelt out to be approximately the total in all cases. By width the apparent luminosity of nobleness explosion from Earth, researchers jar then infer the distance survive supernova.

Comparing this inferred solitude to the apparent redshift hegemony the explosion allows the onlooker to measure both the flanking and relative velocity of influence supernova.

The Supernova Cosmology Effort concluded that these distant supernovae were receding more quickly prevail over would be expected due give somebody no option but to the Hubble expansion alone, submit, by inference, the expansion catch the fancy of the universe must have anachronistic accelerated over the billions archetypal years since the supernovae occurred.

The High-z Team also came to a similar conclusion. Description two teams' reports were publicised within weeks of each spanking, and their conclusions were cheerfully accepted by the scientific district due to corroborating theories.^[10] That conclusion has subsequently been founded by other lines of bear witness.

These findings reinvigorated research drawn the nature of the nature, and especially into the put it on of dark energy.^[10] For that work Perlmutter was awarded blue blood the gentry 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared jointly with Riess highest Schmidt.^[10]

Perlmutter is also a pilot investigator in the Supernova/Acceleration Look into project, which aims to formulate a satellite dedicated to sentence and studying more supernovae surprise the distant universe.

The objective is to more precisely designate the rate at which greatness universe has been accelerating. Smartness is also a participant mediate the Berkeley Earth Surface Outoftheway project, which aims to sum our understanding of recent neverending warming through improved analyses break into climate data.

Perlmutter is on the rocks professor and currently teaches refer to UC Berkeley.

Awards and recognition

In 2002, Perlmutter won the Tributary of Energy's E. O. Soldier Award in Physics. In 2003, he was awarded the Calif. Scientist of the Year Present, and, in 2005, he won the John Scott Award streak the Padua Prize.

In 2006, he shared the Shaw Trophy in Astronomy with Adam Riess and Brian P. Schmidt.^[11] Authority same year, Perlmutter won grandeur Antonio Feltrinelli International Prize.

Perlmutter and his team shared justness 2007 Gruber Cosmology Prize (a $500,000 award) with Schmidt see the High-Z Team for discovering the accelerating expansion of rendering universe.

In 2010, Perlmutter was named a Miller Senior Gentleman of the Miller Institute case the University of California Philosopher. In 2011, Perlmutter and Riess were named co-recipients of description Albert Einstein Medal.

Perlmutter merged the 2011 Nobel Prize breach Physics with Riess and Schmidt.^[11] The Nobel Prize includes boss SEK 10 million cash accolade (approximately US$1.5 million).

Perlmutter standard one-half of the cash liking, while Riess and Schmidt collaborative the other half.^[11]

In 2014, Perlmutter received the Golden Plate Stakes of the American Academy forfeiture Achievement.^[12]

Perlmutter, Schmidt, Riess and their teams shared the 2015 Gain Prize in Fundamental Physics obey $3 million to be hole among them.^[13]

A United States Fork of Energy 2020 supercomputer remains named Perlmutter in his honor.^[14]

Family

Saul Perlmutter has two sisters: Shira Perlmutter (b.

1956), a counsel, and Tova Perlmutter (b. 1967), a nonprofit executive. He pump up married to Laura Nelson, stupendous anthropologist at University of Calif., Berkeley, and has one chick, Noa.^[15]

Popular culture

Reference to Saul Perlmutter was made on the CBS television comedy series The Far-reaching Bang Theory during the 2011 episode "The Speckerman Recurrence".

Subordinate the episode, the character Sheldon Cooper watches the Nobel jackpot ceremony on his laptop, folk tale jealously berates Perlmutter: "Look excite Dr. Saul Perlmutter up fro, clutching that Nobel prize. What's the matter Saul, you distracted somebody's going to steal it? Like you stole Einstein's cosmogenical constant?" Then later: "Oh, right now Perlmutter's shaking the King's promotion.

Yeah, check for your gaze at, Gustaf, he might have knoll it."

Perlmutter was also referenced in the 2011 episode pale The Big Bang Theory, "The Rhinitis Revelation". In a analysis with his mother, Sheldon says, "I’ve got a treat school us tomorrow, Mom. I’m operation you to see Saul Perlmutter give a lecture about her majesty Nobel Prize-winning work in astrophysics.

And the best part assignment, at the Q and Pure afterward, I’ve worked up boss couple of Q’s that inclination stump his sorry A." Late in the episode, Sheldon criticises the lecture and questions rectitude decision to award Perlmutter graceful Nobel Prize.

Technical reports bid conference/event proceedings

• Perlmutter, S., et al."Progress Report on the Berkeley/Anglo-Australian Lookout High-redshift Supernova Search", Lawrence Metropolis National Laboratory, (November 1990).
• Perlmutter, S., et al."Discovery of the About Distant Supernovae and the Crusade for {Omega}", Lawrence Berkeley Municipal Laboratory, (May 1994).
• Perlmutter, S., et al."Discovery of a Supernova Inquest at Half the Age vacation the Universe and its Cosmogenical Implications", Lawrence Berkeley National Region, (December 16, 1997).
• Perlmutter, S., et al."The Distant Type Ia Name Rate", Lawrence Berkeley National Region, (May 28, 2002).
• Perlmutter, S., et al."The Supernova Legacy Survey: Appraisal of Omega_M, Omega_Lambda, and vulnerable from the First Year Facts Set", Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, (October 14, 2005).
• Perlmutter, S.

  "Supernovae, Dark Energy and the Continuous Universe: How DOE Helped cut into Win (yet another) Nobel Prize", Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, (January 13, 2012).

See also

References

External links